The cattle industry in Nigeria has experienced a notable shift in recent times, with the prices of cows witnessing a significant upward leap. This surge is attributed to various factors, primarily the insurgency in the northeastern part of the country, including the attacks by Boko Haram that led to a decline in cattle rearing activities due to the ensuing unrest and loss of lives and properties.
The ripple effect of Boko Haram’s actions, coupled with clashes between cattle herdsmen and local farmers in the middle belt and northeast, has further hindered the cattle business. Many individuals had to abandon their villages and businesses, seeking refuge elsewhere. In response, the federal government has appealed to the state governments of affected areas to allocate lands for Nomads to graze their cattle peacefully.
Cow Markets Across Nigeria
Several designated markets across the nation cater to the sales and slaughter of cows. Some noteworthy ones include:
- Wudil Cattle Market, Kano
- Maigatari Cattle Market, Jigawa
- Amansea Cattle Market, Anambra
- Asaba Market, Delta
- Sheme Cattle Market, Katsina
- Potiskum Cattle Market, Yobe
- Abattoir, Fagba, Lagos
These markets represent just a few popular ones, as every state in Nigeria boasts its own cattle markets.
Current Costs of Cows in Nigeria
The average prices of cows have seen an increase in recent years, influenced by factors such as insurgency, market dynamics, and transportation costs. As of now, you can expect the following average costs based on cow sizes:
- Adult big cow: N250,000-N300,000
- Medium-sized cow: N100,000-N110,000
- Small cow (calf): N70,000-N80,000
Prices are subject to market fluctuations, seasons, and transportation expenses. Dry seasons tend to see higher costs due to increased feeding and maintenance expenses.
Cow Farming in Nigeria
Cattle rearing, predominantly practiced by northerners and affiliated with Fulani Nomads, involves a nomadic form of rearing. This traditional method, though primitive, remains a significant revenue source. Nigeria’s annual consumption of over 80,000 cows highlights the economic potential of the cattle rearing business.
Cattle Business Dynamics: Nomadic vs. Ranching
Nomadic Style:
- Involves buying young cows (calves) at a low cost.
- Herdsmen roam with the cattle in search of grazing land.
- Cows are resold when fully grown.
Ranching:
- Capital-intensive but provides comprehensive care for cattle.
- Cows in ranches are healthier and economically more valuable.
- Nomadic farming remains popular in Nigeria, constituting over 90% of the market.
Considerations Before Venturing into Cow Selling Business
- Growth Duration: Cows typically reach maturity at 18 months. Consider the time needed to rear them before market readiness.
- Shelter: Providing a space for cows to graze is crucial. Adequate land and shelter contribute to their well-being.
- Health: Regular veterinary check-ups, clean water, and hygiene practices are essential for maintaining the health of the cattle.
Conclusion
the cow business in Nigeria presents both challenges and opportunities. Understanding market dynamics, considering various factors, and making informed decisions can pave the way for a successful venture in this vital sector.